medium · LSAT Logical Reasoning

Naturalist: A salamander species can persist in a stream only if the water there stays cool year-round. The water in Ridgeline Creek does stay cool year-round. The naturalist concludes that this salamander species can therefore persist in Ridgeline Creek.

The naturalist's reasoning is flawed because it

  1. treats a condition that the salamander's survival merely requires as though meeting it were enough to ensure that survival
  2. draws a conclusion about one particular stream from observations made about streams in general
  3. fails to establish that no other salamander species could also live in Ridgeline Creek
  4. assumes that cool water is the only environmental factor that any stream-dwelling animal needs
  5. overlooks the possibility that the water in Ridgeline Creek does not in fact remain cool throughout the year

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