medium · LSAT Logical Reasoning

A nutritionist states: 'The average height of adults in this region has risen by 5 centimeters over the past century. Consequently, most individuals in the region today are taller than their ancestors of a century ago.'

The reasoning in the nutritionist's argument is flawed because it:

  1. Treats a change in a group's average as though it held true for most of the group's individual members.
  2. Uses data about the past as the basis for an unwarranted prediction about the future.
  3. Neglects the contribution that genetic inheritance makes to a person's adult height.
  4. Disregards the chance that migration has altered the makeup of the region's population.
  5. Assumes that height is the only physical trait that has changed over the past century.

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