medium · LSAT Logical Reasoning

Researcher: The overall productivity of our department has risen by 15% since we adopted the new software. It follows that every employee in the department is now 15% more productive than before.

The researcher's reasoning is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it:

  1. trades on two distinct meanings of the term "productivity" in moving from premise to conclusion.
  2. relies on a sample of employees that is likely to misrepresent the department as a whole.
  3. infers that a feature of a group taken as a whole must also be a feature of each individual part of that group.
  4. ignores the possibility that productivity would have risen even if the new software had never been adopted.
  5. concludes that the software is the most cost-effective tool the department could possibly have chosen.

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