medium · LSAT Logical Reasoning

A hospital adopted a new hygiene protocol requiring staff to wash their hands 50 percent more often. Yet the rate of hospital-acquired infections did not fall, and in several wards it actually edged upward.

Which one of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the infection rate failed to decline?

  1. The far more frequent washing dried and cracked the staff's skin, and those micro-cracks harbored more bacteria than intact skin does.
  2. The soap chosen for the new protocol cost more than the brand the hospital had used before.
  3. Patient satisfaction surveys after the protocol began showed strong approval of staff cleanliness.
  4. Other hospitals in the region that washed hands less often reported lower infection rates.
  5. The constant washing left staff hands so damaged that no patient could be safely treated at all.

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