medium · LSAT Logical Reasoning

If a student completes the internship, then that student is eligible for the senior seminar. Sarah is eligible for the senior seminar. The argument concludes that Sarah must therefore have completed the internship.

Which one of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the argument's reasoning?

  1. It denies the antecedent, treating the absence of a stated cause as a guarantee of the absence of its effect.
  2. It takes a condition that suffices to produce an outcome to be the only route by which that outcome can arise.
  3. It mistakes a relationship of mere temporal sequence between two events for one of genuine underlying causation.
  4. It confuses a condition that is merely necessary for a given result with one that is fully sufficient for it.
  5. It generalizes from Sarah's single individual case to a sweeping claim covering every student in the program.

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