medium · LSAT Logical Reasoning

A business consultant states: the recent merger will either increase our market share or reduce our operational costs. Since our operational costs have already begun to drop, we should not expect any increase in market share.

The reasoning in the consultant's argument is flawed because it

  1. assumes the two favorable results are mutually exclusive when the merger could in fact deliver both
  2. criticizes the parties to the merger rather than assessing the merger's likely results
  3. uses the phrase 'operational costs' in two different senses across the argument
  4. draws a sweeping conclusion about all mergers from this single case
  5. takes the drop in operational costs as proof that the merger has been a success overall

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