medium · LSAT Logical Reasoning

A historian argues: "Great leaders always possess a strong sense of empathy. Since Senator Smith has shown a strong sense of empathy, she will surely be a great leader."

The reasoning in the historian's argument is most similar to the reasoning in which one of the following?

  1. Top-tier athletes always train at high altitude. Since Maria trains at high altitude, she is destined to become a top-tier athlete.
  2. Most valid passports are issued by the federal government. Since this document was issued by the federal government, it must be a valid passport.
  3. Every professional musician practices daily. Since John is a professional musician, he must practice daily.
  4. All successful businesses prioritize customer service. Since Business X does not prioritize customer service, it will not be successful.
  5. Great leaders are rare, and empathy is common, so most empathetic people will never become great leaders.

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