medium · LSAT Logical Reasoning
An environmental study of Lake P found that although the amount of toxic runoff entering the lake from local factories has decreased by 80% over the last decade, the concentration of heavy metals in the lake's fish has continued to rise.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy?
- Decades of earlier pollution left heavy metals buried in the lakebed, and recent disturbance of bottom-dwelling organisms is steadily releasing that stockpile back into the food chain.
- The local factories recently installed advanced multi-stage filtration systems that now capture nearly all of the incoming toxic industrial waste before it reaches the lake.
- Comparable lakes in several neighboring regions recovered their own native fish stocks fully within a few short years once the industrial sites nearest their shorelines were shut down.
- The number of fishing permits issued each season for Lake P has been sharply capped this decade to curb overfishing and let the lake's depleted fish populations slowly rebuild.
- Heavy metals rank among the most persistent, bioaccumulative, and acutely toxic of all the contaminants known to the aquatic ecologists who monitor heavily industrialized lakes.
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