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Passage: A sociologist studies how a country's population changes as the country industrializes, drawing on the demographic transition model. In the pre-industrial stage, both birth rates and death rates are high, and the population grows slowly. As industrialization begins, medical advances and improved nutrition cause death rates to fall sharply, while birth rates remain high, leading to a period of rapid population growth.
Eventually, social and economic changes—such as urbanization and the increased education of women—cause birth rates to fall as well, and population growth stabilizes at a low level. what is the primary cause for the initial surge in population growth during the transition process?
- Increased migration from rural areas into industrializing urban centers.
- The widening gap between a high birth rate and a falling death rate.
- The stabilization of population growth at a lower social level.
- A sudden and significant increase in the national birth rate.
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