medium · MCAT cars
Passage: Global distributive justice often pits 'cosmopolitanism' against 'statism.' Cosmopolitans argue that our moral obligations to others do not stop at national borders; because the global economic system is deeply integrated, we have a duty to ensure that justice is achieved on a global scale. In their view, being born in a rich country rather than a poor one is a 'natural lottery' that should not determine one's life prospects. Statists, conversely, argue that justice is a duty we owe only to those with whom we share a social contract and a state. They contend that the unique coercive power of the state creates a special relationship among citizens that does not exist between strangers on opposite sides of the world.
Which of the following would a cosmopolitan use as a primary argument for global wealth redistribution?
- The integrated nature of global trade means that wealthy nations are partially responsible for the conditions in poorer ones.
- Social justice can only be realized in a community where people share a common language and cultural heritage.
- International aid often undermines the local political institutions of developing countries, making it counterproductive.
- Nations have a sovereign right to control their own resources and should only help others through voluntary charity.
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