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Passage: Gated communities are the ultimate expression of the 'fortress city,' a response to perceived urban disorder and crime. While they offer residents a heightened sense of safety, they also institutionalize the 'fragmentation' of the urban fabric. By physically and legally walling off a portion of the city, gated communities withdraw from the common obligations of urban life, such as shared public schools and infrastructure. This withdrawal creates a 'secession of the successful,' where those with capital can buy their way out of the problems of the wider city. The result is a cycle of disinvestment and mutual suspicion that undermines the social cohesion necessary for a healthy metropolis.
Which of the following would the author most likely identify as a consequence of gated communities?
- A reduction in the 'fragmentation' of city planning due to standardized private rules.
- A decline in social cohesion and an increase in mutual suspicion between groups.
- An improvement in the quality of public infrastructure for all urban residents.
- A more equitable distribution of capital across the metropolis.
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